@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix dwc: <http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix d0: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/d0.owl#> .
@prefix dul: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#> .
@prefix skos-xl: <http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#> .
@prefix top-level: <https://aphia.org/ns/top-level/> .
@prefix taxon-name: <https://aphia.org/ns/taxon-name/> .
@prefix td: <https://aphia.org/ns/distribution/> .
@prefix media: <https://aphia.org/ns/media/> .
@prefix tat: <https://aphia.org/ns/attribute-trait/> .
@prefix xsd: <https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxname/489101> a taxon-name:TaxonName, skos-xl:Label ;
   rdfs:label "Sphaeriidae Deshayes, 1855 (1820)"^^xsd:string ;
   taxon-name:aphiaID "489101"^^xsd:integer ;
   dwc:scientificNameID "489101"^^xsd:integer, "urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:489101"^^xsd:string ;
   taxon-name:scientificName "Sphaeriidae"^^xsd:string ;
   taxon-name:authorship "Deshayes, 1855 (1820)"^^xsd:string ;
   dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "Deshayes, 1855 (1820)"^^xsd:string ;
   taxon-name:fullScientificName "Sphaeriidae Deshayes, 1855 (1820)"^^xsd:string ;
   skos-xl:literalForm "Sphaeriidae Deshayes, 1855 (1820)"^^xsd:string ;
   dwc:scientificName "Sphaeriidae Deshayes, 1855 (1820)"^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation """MolluscaBase eds. (2026). MolluscaBase. Sphaeriidae Deshayes, 1855 (1820). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=489101 on 2026-04-15"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:isPartOf <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/632>, <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/540>, <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/5275>, <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/3123>, <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/8131>, <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/5816> ;
   taxon-name:hasStatus <https://aphia.org/ns/taxonomic-status#accepted> ;
   taxon-name:isOfRank <https://aphia.org/ns/rank#family> ;
   dwc:taxonRank <https://aphia.org/ns/rank#family> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/172637>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/220810>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/378629>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/142490>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/201385>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/295223>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/406379>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/472735> ;
   taxon-name:hasSynonym <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/856695>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/1726208>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/181553> ;
   rdfs:seeAlso <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/data/view/Taxon:55711>, <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=55711&lvl=0>, <http://www.nmr-pics.nl/Sphaeriidae/album/index.html> ;
   taxon-name:denotes _:b0 .

_:b0 a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:hasAcceptedName <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/489101> ;
   tat:hasHabitat <https://aphia.org/id/environment/fresh> ;
   taxon-name:hasSynonymName <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/856695>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/1726208>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/181553> ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/97786>, <https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/97787>, <https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/97788>, <https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/103682>, <https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/33888> ;
   tat:hasAdditionalDescription <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/17763>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/395701>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/873982>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/2687300> ;
   taxon-name:hasParent _:b1 .

_:b1 a taxon-name:Taxon, skos-xl:Concept ;
   taxon-name:hasAcceptedName <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/382300> .

<https://aphia.org/ns/taxonomic-status#accepted> a skos:Concept, taxon-name:Status ;
   skos:prefLabel "accepted"@en ;
   rdfs:label "accepted"@en ;
   skos:definition """Valid name (ICZN) or name considered to be taxonomically correct (ICBN)"""^^xsd:string ;
   dwc:taxonomicStatus <https://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/taxonomicStatus/accepted> ;
   dwc:nomenclaturalStatus <https://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/nomenclatural_status/valid> .


<https://aphia.org/ns/rank#family> a skos:Concept, taxon-name:Rank ;
   skos:prefLabel "Family"@en ;
   rdfs:label "Family"@en .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/172637> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """<i>Catalogue of the Conchifera or bivalve shells in the collection of the British Museum</i>. British Museum, London, Part I. Cyprinidae, Veneridae and Glauconomidae, pp. ii + 216 pp. [introduction by J. E. Gray] [27 June 1853]; Part II, Petricoladae (concluded), Corbiculadae, pp. 217-292 [title page dated "1854"; 12 May 1855]"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Deshayes, G. P. (1853-1855). <i>Catalogue of the Conchifera or bivalve shells in the collection of the British Museum</i>. British Museum, London, Part I. Cyprinidae, Veneridae and Glauconomidae, pp. ii + 216 pp. [introduction by J. E. Gray] [27 June 1853]; Part II, Petricoladae (concluded), Corbiculadae, pp. 217-292 [title page dated "1854"; 12 May 1855]."""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:source  <https://www.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11258> ;
   schema:isAccessibleForFree "1"^^xsd:boolean ;
   schema:datePublished "1853"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/220810> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """A synopsis of the recent and Tertiary freshwater Mollusca of the Californian province, based upon an ontogenetic classification"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Hannibal, H. (1912). A synopsis of the recent and Tertiary freshwater Mollusca of the Californian province, based upon an ontogenetic classification. <em>Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London.</em> 10(2): 112-166, pls 5-6; 10(3): 167-211, pls 7-8."""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:source  <https://www.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a063488> ;
   schema:isAccessibleForFree "1"^^xsd:boolean ;
   schema:datePublished "1912"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/378629> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Perlivnitsevi, kul'kovi (Unionidae, Cycladidae)"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Stadnichenko A.P. (1984). Perlivnitsevi, kul'kovi (Unionidae, Cycladidae). <em>Fauna Ukraini.</em> 29(9): 1-382. [In Ukrainian]."""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "1984"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/142490> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Classification of Bivalve families.   Pp. 113-133, in: Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (2010), Nomenclator of Bivalve Families."""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Bieler, R.; Carter, J. G.; Coan, E. V. (2010). Classification of Bivalve families.   Pp. 113-133, in: Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (2010), Nomenclator of Bivalve Families. <em>Malacologia.</em> 52(2): 1-184."""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "2010"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/201385> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Biology of freshwater corbiculid and sphaeriid clams of North America"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Mackie, G. L. (2007). Biology of freshwater corbiculid and sphaeriid clams of North America. <em>Ohio Biological Survey Bulletin New Series.</em> 15 (3: i-ix): 1-436."""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "2007"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/295223> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Bivalve molluscs of the superfamily Pisidioidea in the Palaearctic region. Fauna, systematics, phylogeny"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Korniushin, A.V. (1996). Bivalve molluscs of the superfamily Pisidioidea in the Palaearctic region. Fauna, systematics, phylogeny, 176 pp. [in Russian]. [20 June]. Kiev (National Academy of Science of Ukraine – Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology)."""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "1996"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/406379> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Taxonomic headaches"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Bartsch, P. (1944). Taxonomic headaches. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 57(4): 116-118 [April]."""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "1944"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/472735> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of the Sphaeriinae (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae)"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Bespalaya Yu.V., Vinarski M.V., Aksenova O.V., Babushkin E.S., Gofarov M.Yu., Kondakov A.V., Konopleva E.S., Kropotin A.V., Mabrouki Y., Ovchankova N.B., Palatov D.M., Sokolova S.E., Shevchenko A.R., Travina O.V., Taybi A.F., Sob-oleva A.A., Zubrii N.A., Bolotov I.N. (2024). Phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of the Sphaeriinae (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae). <em>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.</em> 201(2): 305-338. [Advance access publication 4 November 2023]."""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:source  <https://www.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad139> ;
   schema:datePublished "2024"^^xsd:gYear .


<https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/97786> a taxon-name:vernacularName ;
   taxon-name:vernacularName "orb mussels"^^xsd:string ;
   dct:language <https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/eng> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/275941> .

<https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/97787> a taxon-name:vernacularName ;
   taxon-name:vernacularName "orb shells"^^xsd:string ;
   dct:language <https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/eng> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/275941> .

<https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/97788> a taxon-name:vernacularName ;
   taxon-name:vernacularName "sphere shells"^^xsd:string ;
   dct:language <https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/eng> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/275941> .

<https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/103682> a taxon-name:vernacularName ;
   taxon-name:vernacularName "Kugelmuscheln"^^xsd:string ;
   dct:language <https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/deu> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/275941> .

<https://aphia.org/id/vernacular-name/33888> a taxon-name:vernacularName ;
   taxon-name:vernacularName "ärtmusslor"^^xsd:string ;
   dct:language <https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/swe> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/147411> .



<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/17763> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Functional group for Taxon denoted by name 105"@en ;
   tat:hasExtraSpecification <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description-extra-specification/17764> ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/functional-group> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/105> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/functional-group#benthos> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/395701> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Supporting structure & enclosure for Taxon denoted by name 105"@en ;
   tat:hasExtraSpecification <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description-extra-specification/395702>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description-extra-specification/395703> ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/supporting-structure-enclosure> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/105> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/supporting-structure-enclosure#exoskeleton> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/873982> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Body size (qualitative) for Taxon denoted by name 105"@en ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/body-size-qualitative> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/105> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/body-size-qualitative#medium-body-size-2-to-200mm> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/2687300> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Nomenclature code for Taxon denoted by name 2"@en ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/nomenclature-code> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/2> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/nomenclature-code#iczn> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description-extra-specification/17764> a tat:SpecificationContext ;
   rdfs:label "Specification Context: Life stage adult"@en ;
   tat:definesParameter <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/life-stage> ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/life-stage#adult> .
<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description-extra-specification/395702> a tat:SpecificationContext ;
   rdfs:label "Specification Context: Structure Solid"@en ;
   tat:definesParameter <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/structure> ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/structure#solid> .
<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description-extra-specification/395703> a tat:SpecificationContext ;
   rdfs:label "Specification Context: Composition Calcareous"@en ;
   tat:definesParameter <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/composition> ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/composition#calcareous> .