@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix dwc: <http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix d0: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/d0.owl#> .
@prefix dul: <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#> .
@prefix skos-xl: <http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#> .
@prefix top-level: <https://aphia.org/ns/top-level/> .
@prefix taxon-name: <https://aphia.org/ns/taxon-name/> .
@prefix td: <https://aphia.org/ns/distribution/> .
@prefix media: <https://aphia.org/ns/media/> .
@prefix tat: <https://aphia.org/ns/attribute-trait/> .
@prefix xsd: <https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxname/246593> a taxon-name:TaxonName, skos-xl:Label ;
   rdfs:label "Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004"^^xsd:string ;
   taxon-name:aphiaID "246593"^^xsd:integer ;
   dwc:scientificNameID "246593"^^xsd:integer, "urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:246593"^^xsd:string ;
   taxon-name:scientificName "Karenia papilionacea"^^xsd:string ;
   taxon-name:authorship "A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004"^^xsd:string ;
   dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004"^^xsd:string ;
   taxon-name:fullScientificName "Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004"^^xsd:string ;
   skos-xl:literalForm "Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004"^^xsd:string ;
   dwc:scientificName "Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004"^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation """Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2026). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=246593 on 2026-04-08"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:isPartOf <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/3124>, <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/2>, <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/5274>, <https://marineinfo.org/id/dataset/8131> ;
   taxon-name:hasStatus <https://aphia.org/ns/taxonomic-status#accepted> ;
   taxon-name:isOfRank <https://aphia.org/ns/rank#species> ;
   dwc:taxonRank <https://aphia.org/ns/rank#species> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/125516>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/177052>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/37>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/141269>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/145561>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/170342>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/383549>, <https://aphia.org/id/source/456455> ;
   rdfs:seeAlso <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/U92252>, <http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=71684>, <http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/name/Karenia_papilionacea>, <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/data/view/Taxon:262427>, <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=262427&lvl=0> ;
   taxon-name:denotes _:b0 .

_:b0 a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:hasAcceptedName <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/246593> ;
   tat:hasHabitat <https://aphia.org/id/environment/marine> ;
   td:hasDistribution <https://aphia.org/id/distribution/591669>, <https://aphia.org/id/distribution/670243>, <https://aphia.org/id/distribution/805393>, <https://aphia.org/id/distribution/817070> ;
   tat:hasAdditionalDescription <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/47332>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/1126505>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/1409344>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/1409347>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/2332004>, <https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/2846906> ;
   taxon-name:hasParent _:b1 .

_:b1 a taxon-name:Taxon, skos-xl:Concept ;
   taxon-name:hasAcceptedName <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/231788> .

<https://aphia.org/ns/taxonomic-status#accepted> a skos:Concept, taxon-name:Status ;
   skos:prefLabel "accepted"@en ;
   rdfs:label "accepted"@en ;
   skos:definition """Valid name (ICZN) or name considered to be taxonomically correct (ICBN)"""^^xsd:string ;
   dwc:taxonomicStatus <https://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/taxonomicStatus/accepted> ;
   dwc:nomenclaturalStatus <https://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/nomenclatural_status/valid> .


<https://aphia.org/ns/rank#species> a skos:Concept, taxon-name:Rank ;
   skos:prefLabel "Species"@en ;
   rdfs:label "Species"@en .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/125516> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Comparative morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis of three new species of the genus Karenia (Dinophyceae) from New Zealand"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Haywood, A. J.; Steidinger, K. A.; Truby, E. W.; Bergquist, P. R.; Bergquist, P. L.; Adamson, J.; Mackenzie, L. (2004). Comparative morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis of three new species of the genus Karenia (Dinophyceae) from New Zealand. <em>Journal of Phycology.</em> 40(1), 165-179."""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:source  <https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.2004.02-149.x> ;
   schema:datePublished "2004"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/177052> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data."""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245."""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "2012"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/37> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """AlgaeBase"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2026). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD."""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:source  <https://marineinfo.org/id/publication/2> ;
   schema:datePublished "2026"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/141269> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Steidinger, K. A., M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril. 2009. Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 131–154 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College"""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "2009"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/145561> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2009 onwards). IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae."""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "2009"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/170342> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Phylum Myzozoa: dinoflagellates, perkinsids, ellobiopsids, sporozoans"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Chang, F.H.; Charleston, W.A.G.; McKenna, P.B.; Clowes, C.D.; Wilson, G.J.; Broady, P.A. (2012). Phylum Myzozoa: dinoflagellates, perkinsids, ellobiopsids, sporozoans, in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2012). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 3. Kingdoms Bacteria, Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, Fungi. pp. 175-216."""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "2012"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/383549> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """Mixotrophy in Dinoflagellates: Prey Selection, Physiology and Ecological Importance in Dinoflagellates: Classification, Evolution, Physiology and Ecological Significance"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Hansen, P. J.; Tillmann, U. (2020). Mixotrophy in Dinoflagellates: Prey Selection, Physiology and Ecological Importance in Dinoflagellates: Classification, Evolution, Physiology and Ecological Significance. <em>Ed: Subba Rao Durvasula. Publisher: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York, USA.</em>"""^^xsd:string ;
   schema:datePublished "2020"^^xsd:gYear .

<https://aphia.org/id/source/456455> a top-level:Source, dct:BibliographicResource ;
   dct:title """The Mixoplankton Database (MDB): Diversity of photo‐phago‐trophic plankton in form, function, and distribution across the global ocean"""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:bibliographicCitation  """Mitra, A.; Caron, D. A.; Faure, E.; Flynn, K. J.; Leles, S. G.; Hansen, P. J.; McManus, G. B.; Not, F.; Do Rosario Gomes, H.; Santoferrara, L. F.; Stoecker, D. K.; Tillmann, U. (2023). The Mixoplankton Database (MDB): Diversity of photo‐phago‐trophic plankton in form, function, and distribution across the global ocean. <em>Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.</em> 70(4)."""^^xsd:string ;
   dct:source  <https://www.doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12972> ;
   schema:isAccessibleForFree "1"^^xsd:boolean ;
   schema:datePublished "2023"^^xsd:gYear .




<https://aphia.org/id/distribution/591669> a td:Distribution ;
   rdfs:label "Distribution for Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004 - Hawke Bay"@en ;
   td:isDistributionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/246593> ;
   ] ;
   td:hasArea <https://marineregions.org/mrgid/8983> ;
   dwc:locality <https://marineregions.org/mrgid/8983> .

<https://aphia.org/id/distribution/670243> a td:Distribution ;
   rdfs:label "Distribution for Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004 - Gulf of Mexico"@en ;
   td:isDistributionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/246593> ;
   ] ;
   td:hasArea <https://marineregions.org/mrgid/4288> ;
   dwc:locality <https://marineregions.org/mrgid/4288> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/401228> .

<https://aphia.org/id/distribution/805393> a td:Distribution ;
   rdfs:label "Distribution for Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004 - New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone"@en ;
   td:isDistributionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/246593> ;
   ] ;
   td:hasArea <https://marineregions.org/mrgid/8455> ;
   dwc:locality <https://marineregions.org/mrgid/8455> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/170342> .

<https://aphia.org/id/distribution/817070> a td:Distribution ;
   rdfs:label "Distribution for Karenia papilionacea A.J.Haywood & K.A.Steidinger, 2004 - French part of the Celtic Sea"@en ;
   td:isDistributionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/246593> ;
   ] ;
   td:hasArea <https://marineregions.org/mrgid/25220> ;
   dwc:locality <https://marineregions.org/mrgid/25220> ;
   td:hasOrigin <https://aphia.org/ns/origin#alien> ;
   td:hasInvasiveness <https://aphia.org/ns/invasiveness#uncertain> ;
   td:hasOccurrence <https://aphia.org/ns/occurrence#reported> ;
   dct:source <https://aphia.org/id/source/191128> .

<https://aphia.org/ns/origin#alien> a skos:Concept, td:Origin ;
   skos:prefLabel "Alien"@en ;
   rdfs:label "Alien"@en ;
   skos:definition "Species introduced by man into places out of their natural range of distribution"@en .

<https://aphia.org/ns/invasiveness#uncertain> a skos:Concept, td:Origin ;
   skos:prefLabel "Uncertain"@en ;
   rdfs:label "Uncertain"@en ;
   skos:definition "Species whose invasiveness is uncertain"@en .

<https://aphia.org/ns/occurrence#reported> a skos:Concept, td:Origin ;
   skos:prefLabel "Reported"@en ;
   rdfs:label "Reported"@en ;
   skos:definition "Species that are 'reported' to be present but with no further information"@en .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/47332> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Paraphyletic group for Taxon denoted by name 562620"@en ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/paraphyletic-group> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/562620> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/paraphyletic-group#algae> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/1126505> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Functional group for Taxon denoted by name 246593"@en ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/functional-group> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/246593> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/functional-group#constitutive-mixoplankton> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/1409344> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Cytomorphology for Taxon denoted by name 19542"@en ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/cytomorphology> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/19542> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/cytomorphology#unicellular> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/1409347> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Body size (qualitative) for Taxon denoted by name 19542"@en ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/body-size-qualitative> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/19542> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/body-size-qualitative#micro-body-size-under-0-2mm> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/2332004> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Functional group for Taxon denoted by name 246593"@en ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/functional-group> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/246593> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/functional-group#constitutive-mixoplankton> .

<https://aphia.org/id/taxon-description/2846906> a tat:TaxonDescription ;
   rdfs:label "Taxon Description Nomenclature code for Taxon denoted by name 562620"@en ;
   tat:hasTaxonCharacteristic <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/nomenclature-code> ;
   tat:isAdditionalDescriptionOf [
   a taxon-name:Taxon, skos:Concept ;
   taxon-name:isDenotedBy <https://aphia.org/id/taxname/562620> ;
   ] ;
   top-level:hasValue <https://aphia.org/ns/traits/nomenclature-code#icn> .